Learn how to use the subjunctive past and where it is acceptable to negotiate while in Brazil
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Braden: Hello, and welcome back to the PortuguesePOD101.com , the fastest, easiest and most fun way to learn Portuguese! I'm joined in the studio by... |
| Sílvia: Hello everyone. Sílvia here. |
| Camila: So Braden, please tell us what we'll be learning in this lesson. |
| Braden: In this lesson, we'll be learning Asking someone out to dinner |
| Camila: Where does this conversation take place and who is it between? |
| Braden: This conversation takes place in the evening, at home, monica and diego |
| Camila: What's the formality level? |
| Braden: Well, it's informal. |
| Camila: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Mônica: Diego, você está com uma cara ótima. |
| Diego: Obrigado. É que hoje eu recebi boas noticias. |
| Mônica: Prefiro ver você assim, alegre. |
| Diego: Tô muito feliz mesmo. Meu chefe tinha dito que se vendêssemos bem neste mês ele nos daria um bônus e realmente nos deu. |
| Mônica: Então você tem mesmo razão para estar feliz (risos) |
| Diego: Era importante que recebesse este bônus. |
| Mônica: Por que? |
| Diego: Não por que? Para que...para que eu pudesse te convidar pra jantar no restaurante mais fino da cidade. |
| Mônica: (surpresa) Han? Como assim? |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Mônica: Diego, você está com uma cara ótima. |
| Diego: Obrigado. É que hoje eu recebi boas noticias. |
| Mônica: Prefiro ver você assim, alegre. |
| Diego: Tô muito feliz mesmo. Meu chefe tinha dito que se vendêssemos bem neste mês ele nos daria um bônus e realmente nos deu. |
| Mônica: Então você tem mesmo razão para estar feliz (risos) |
| Diego: Era importante que recebesse este bônus. |
| Mônica: Por que? |
| Diego: Não por que? Para que...para que eu pudesse te convidar pra jantar no restaurante mais fino da cidade. |
| Mônica: (surpresa) Han? Como assim? |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Mônica: Diego, você está com uma cara ótima. |
| Braden: Diego, you look so happy! |
| Diego: Obrigado. É que hoje eu recebi boas noticias. |
| Braden: Thanks. Today I got some good news. |
| Mônica: Prefiro ver você assim, alegre. |
| Braden: I prefer to see you this way, happy. |
| Diego: Tô muito feliz mesmo. Meu chefe tinha dito que se vendêssemos bem neste mês ele nos daria um bônus e realmente nos deu. |
| Braden: I am very happy. My boss had said that if we sold well this month he'd give us a bonus and he really did. |
| Mônica: Então você tem mesmo razão para estar feliz (risos) |
| Braden: Then you really do have good reason to be happy. (chuckles) |
| Diego: Era importante que recebesse este bônus. |
| Braden: It was important that I receive this bonus. |
| Mônica: Por que? |
| Braden: Why? |
| Diego: Não por que? Para que...para que eu pudesse te convidar pra jantar no restaurante mais fino da cidade. |
| Braden: Not why? What for...So I could invite you to dine at the finest restaurant in the city. |
| Mônica: (surpresa) Han? Como assim? |
| Braden: (surprised) What? What do you mean? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Braden: (ask --- something about the dialogue-Peter always does a little review about the previous lessons. explain what you are thinking about the storyline in the lesson, so the students can follow and participate - don't make them guess.) |
| ---: response |
| Braden: In the age of the internet and Walmart, price bargaining has all but disappeared from the consumer's world. The price you see is the price you get and that's it. |
| ---: However, Few places in Brazil function this way and those who do are usually foreign-based companies. |
| Braden: In Brazil you can negotiate just about everything - rent payments, shoe prices, and of course how much you're going to pay on that washer and dryer. You'll negotiate in stores, on the street, and even at work. |
| ---: A few places you don't negotiate are bus fares, taxes, and restaurants. That's considered bad form. (right?) |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Sílvia: notícias [natural native speed] |
| Braden: news |
| Sílvia: notícias [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: notícias [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: chefe [natural native speed] |
| Braden: boss, chief, head |
| Sílvia: chefe [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: chefe [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: dito [natural native speed] |
| Braden: said, told |
| Sílvia: dito [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: dito [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: neste [natural native speed] |
| Braden: in this |
| Sílvia: neste [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: neste [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: bônus [natural native speed] |
| Braden: bonus |
| Sílvia: bônus [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: bônus [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: realmente [natural native speed] |
| Braden: really |
| Sílvia: realmente [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: realmente [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: razão [natural native speed] |
| Braden: reason |
| Sílvia: razão [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: razão [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: preferir [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to prefer |
| Sílvia: preferir [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: preferir [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: cara [natural native speed] |
| Braden: face, facial expression |
| Sílvia: cara [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: cara [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: cara [natural native speed] |
| Braden: dude |
| Sílvia: cara [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: cara [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: fino [natural native speed] |
| Braden: fine |
| Sílvia: fino [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: fino [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Braden: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| ---: The first phrase we'll look at is razão. |
| Braden: razão literally translates to "reason but in this case it's better translated as "good reason." |
| ---: In Portuguese, reason is usually a good thing therefore the word razão has a positive connotation. |
| Braden: In English the connotation is more neutral so you have to add the adjective "good" to make sure the complete meaning is preserved. |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
| Braden: what's our next phrase? |
| ---: The next phrase we'll look at is notícias. |
| Braden: notícia literally translates to "notice" but in Portuguese it almost always means "news." |
| ---: Even when you're watching the 5 o'clock news, the journalists use the word notícia to describe the events of the week and the things they are going to report on. |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
| Braden: what's our next phrase? |
| ---: The next phrase we'll look at is mesmo |
| Braden: mesmo literally translates to "same" but it has the colloquial use that intensifies the main focus of the sentence. |
| ---: Kind of like the words "really" or "actually." |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Braden: So ---, what's the focus of this lesson? |
| ---: The focus of this lesson is uses of the subjunctive past. In the dialogue, we heard the phrase Diego - Era importante que recebesse este bônus. |
| Braden: Which we translated as "Diego - It was important that I receive this bonus." |
| ---: Like the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive is used after verbs of desire, doubt, and emotion, but in the past tenses. It is no more difficult than that. |
| Braden: so, With past verbs of desire you could make sentences like |
| ---: Eu queria que você fizesse um bom trablalho. - I wanted you to do good work. |
| Braden: or With past verbs of doubt you'd get sentences like |
| ---: Não era certo que ele pudessem vir. - It wasn't certain that they could come. |
| Braden: and past verbs of emotion? |
| ---: Esperávamos que o novo professor fosse bom. - we hoped that the new professor was good. |
| Braden: And the subjunctive can be use with either pretérito perfeito or imerfeito. All the previous examples were imperfeito. Could you give us an example using the perfeito? |
| ---: Sure. Nos surpreendemos ontem que não se divertissem. - "We were surprised that you didn't have fun last night." It can be used with the perfeito but most frequently it will be used with the impefeito because when talking about the past in Portuguese, you use the imperfeito when talking about emotions and emotions are typically what trigger the subjunctive. |
| Braden: okay so next we'll look at the phraes Como se... which literally translates to "as if." |
| ---: Como se.. as if is always followed by the past subjunctive, no matter what tense the other verbs in the sentence might be. |
| Braden: For those of you who have studied this already, this is an extension of the conditional or contrary-to-fact grammar structure. Could you give us some examples? |
| ---: Eles falam como se fossem espertos. - The talk as if they were smart. |
| Braden: You can also make it negative with no other change to the grammar. |
| ---: Yes, for example, O meu irmão come como se não tivesse comido em vários dias. Which translates to My brother eats as if he hadn't eated in many days. |
| Braden: As always, the não is located directly before the verb you want to make negative. |
| quick review at the end of the lesson - explanation of why this is useful |
| That just about does it for this lesson. |
| thanks for listening! |
Outro |
| Braden: That just about does it for today. |
| Sílvia: Want a free way to build your Portuguese vocabulary? |
| Braden: Follow our Portuguese Word of the Day at Portuguese.com! |
| Sílvia: See and hear the word of the day... |
| Braden: ...plus sample phrases and sentences! |
| Sílvia: Get these daily vocabulary alerts on Facebook, Twitter and the PortuguesePod/Class.com Blog! |
| Braden: And add this widget to your own website or blog! They're available in 35 languages. |
| Sílvia: Get these easy instructions at Portuguese.com/Portuguese-phrases |
| Braden: See ya later! |
| Sílvia: Bons estudos! |
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