Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

Let's take a closer look at the conversation.
Do you remember how Mark asks Carlos
"How are you?"
Tudo bem?
First is tudo, "everything." Tudo. Tudo.
Next is bem, "well." Bem. Bem.
All together, it's Tudo bem, literally "[Is] everything well?" but translates as "How are you," in this context.
Note the rising intonation to mark that it's a question: Tudo bem?
Tudo bem?
Note: To increase the formality, address the person with a title.
For example, if you are talking to a man:
Tudo bem com o senhor?
This starts with Tudo bem, "I'm fine."
Next is com o senhor.
This starts with com, "with." Com. Com.
Last is o senhor, literally "the sir." It translates as "sir" in this context. O senhor.
In Portuguese, all nouns have grammatical gender and are either singular or plural. Senhor is masculine and singular — a fact that determines the form of other words in the sentence.
Before this is the article, o. Think of it like "the" in English. O. O.
O is also masculine singular to agree with senhor.
Note: in this sentence, the article, o, does not have a corresponding English translation.
All together Tudo bem com o senhor?
Literally "[Is] everything well with sir?" but translates as "How are you, sir?"
Tudo bem com o senhor?
To address a female speaker, use a senhora, "ma'am."
Tudo bem com a senhora?
How are you, ma'am?
Remember this variation. You'll need it for the practice section.
Let's take a closer look at the response.
Do you remember how Carlos says,
"I'm fine, thank you."
Tudo bem, obrigado.
First is tudo, "everything." Tudo.
Next is bem, "well." Bem.
Together is tudo bem, literally "everything well," but translates as "I'm fine," in this context.
Last is obrigado, which literally means "obliged" or "indebted," but translates as "thank you." Obrigado. Obrigado.
Note: Obrigado is an adjective. In Portuguese, adjectives must agree with the noun they modify. As Carlos is talking about himself, he uses the masculine adjective, obrigado.
A female speaker would use the feminine adjective, obrigada, to talk about herself. Obrigada.
All together, Tudo bem, obrigado. "I'm fine, thank you." Tudo bem, obrigado.
Tudo bem, obrigado.
When responding to a question about your wellbeing, you can use the opportunity to inquire about the other person's wellbeing.
This is illustrated in the following exchange:
Tudo bem?
Tudo bem, e você?
"I'm fine, and you?"
This starts with Tudo bem, "I'm fine."
Next, you can inquire about the other person's wellbeing with E você? "And you?"
First is e, "And." E. E.
Next is você, meaning "you," in this context. Você. Você.
Note, as você, "you," is informal, this expression is appropriate for informal situations.

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