Dialogue

Vocabulary

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Thássia: Bom dia!
Braden: Braden here! This is Absolute Beginner Season 1, Lesson 18 - The Brazilian Stare. In this lesson, you'll learn about the verb "estar."
Thássia: This conversation takes place at a café and it's between Luciana and Joseph. The speakers are friends; therefore, they will be speaking informally.
Braden: Let's listen to the conversation.

Lesson conversation

(Informal)
Luciana: Há quanto tempo você tá aqui em São Paulo?
Joseph: Faz três horas que tô aqui.
Luciana: E onde estão seus amigos?
Joseph: Não sei. Atrasados como sempre.
Braden:One time slowly.
Luciana: Há quanto tempo você tá aqui em São Paulo?
Joseph: Faz três horas que tô aqui.
Luciana: E onde estão seus amigos?
Joseph: Não sei. Atrasados como sempre.
Braden:One time fast with translation.
Luciana: Há quanto tempo você tá aqui em São Paulo?
Braden: How long have you been here in São Paulo?
Joseph: Faz três horas que tô aqui.
Braden: It's been three hours that I've been here.
Luciana: E onde estão seus amigos?
Braden: And where are your friends?
Joseph: Não sei. Atrasados como sempre.
Braden: I don't know. Late as always.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Braden: So in this conversation they are at the café, right? What would they be doing right now, besides talking?
Thássia: Well, probably drinking a bit of coffee or juice.
Braden: Good point. I've noticed that when Brazilians talk together they tend to look at each other more and also look in each other's eyes. I only notice because when two English speakers talk together, usually the person who is listening looks away and the person who is talking looks at the listener.
Thássia: Really?
Braden: Yeah.
Thassia: I didn't know that.
Braden: Yeah. I heard about this in a class on deep culture. It's not something we do on purpose, but it is something that we do.
Thássia: So, Brazilians look in each other's eyes whether they are talking or listening?
Braden: Right. That's how it's been for me. It's not like a direct stare or anything. It's just eye contact. They look at you.
Thássia: I like eye contact.
Braden: See?
Thassia: For me, that means the person is paying attention.
Braden: It was a little unnerving for me at first but I've gotten used to it. So let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
VOCAB LIST
Braden: The first word we'll look at is.
Thássia: Tempo [natural native speed]
Braden: Weather, time.
Thássia: Tempo [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Thássia: Tempo [natural native speed]
Braden: The next word is.
Thássia: Atrasado [natural native speed]
Braden: Late
Thássia: Atrasado [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Thássia: Atrasado [natural native speed]
Braden: Our next word is?
Thássia: Estar [natural native speed]
Braden: To be
Thássia: Estar [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Thássia: Estar [natural native speed]
Braden: And what's our next one?
Thássia: Estão [natural native speed]
Braden: Are, they are, you are
Thássia: Estão [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Thássia: Estão [natural native speed]
Braden: And our last word is.
Thássia: Amigo [natural native speed]
Braden: Friend
Thássia: Amigo [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Thássia: Amigo [natural native speed]
KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES
Thassia: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson.
Braden: So we talked about this in the All About series, but I wanted to give a bit more explanation about the "tô" and "tá."
Thássia: Okay. What did you want to say?
Braden: Well, first, these are not words you will ever find even in the best dictionaries but you will hear it in almost every conversation.
Thássia: That's right. "Estou" and "está" are conjugated forms of the verb "estar." "Eu estou" means "I am," and "você está" means "you are."
Braden: And in conversation, Brazilians have shortened these two phrases to simply.
Thássia: "tô" and "tá." In situations where you need to show more respect, like to your girlfriend's parents, it's better to say "está."
Braden: I also wanted to say just that the "tô" and "tá" are used often in many different contexts.
Thássia: For example?
Braden: Well, if you are at home and someone calls you on your cell phone.
Thássia: Cellular in Brazil.
Braden: Thanks! Anyway, you're at home and they ask you…
Thássia: "Você tá em casa?"
Braden: Which means "Are you at home?"
Thássia: Right.
Braden: You can simply respond with…
Thassia: "Tô."
Braden: Which means "I am."
Thássia: That's right. The "Tá…"
Braden: Which means "is…"
Thássia: Can be used the same way. For example, "Sara tá contigo?"
Braden: Which means "Is Sarah with you?"
Thássia: You can respond with "Tá."
Braden: Which means "Yes, she is." You see that? Basically, any time you need to say "Estou" or "Está."
Thássia: You can shorten it to just "tô" and "tá" respectively.
Braden: Perfect.
Thássia: Let's take a look at the grammar point for this lesson.

Lesson focus

Braden: The focus of this lesson is the verb "estar."
Thássia: In the dialogue, we heard "E onde estão seus amigos?"
Braden: Which means "And where are your friends?"
Thássia: The verb "estar" means "to be."
Braden: And yes, that is the same definition we gave to the verb "ser" in the last lesson.
Thássia: In English, the verb "to be" has two different meanings.
Braden: And in Portuguese, those two different meanings are separated into two different words.
Thássia: The "estar" verb is used in 'active' sentences.
Braden: And the "ser" verb is used in equative sentences.
Thássia: In other words, "estar" is used to describe the condition of something, as in "Ela está doente."
Braden: Which means "She is sick."
Thássia: It's a simple description of her current state.
Braden: Right. We're not going to delve too deeply into this right now because the distinction between "ser" and "estar" is pretty subtle.
Thássia: And these two verbs are very common so we'll have plenty of chances to review and explain further.
Braden: So, back to the "estar" verb.
Thássia: So the "estar" verb is used to describe the current condition of something or to tell the location of things that can move.
Braden: Right, like "He is at home," which would be…
Thássia: "Ele está em casa."
Braden: This is telling his current location, but he could move at any time.
Thássia: Some other examples would be "O carro está na garage…"
Braden: Which means "The car is in the garage."
Thássia: And "Você está na escola…"
Braden: Which would be "You are at school." So let's go through the present tense conjugation of this verb.
Thássia: Sounds great!
Braden: So how would you say "I am" using the verb "estar?"
Thássia: "Eu estou."
Braden: And "you are?"
Thássia: "Você está."
Braden: And how about "he, she, it, is?"
Thássia: "Ele está" or "Ela está."
Braden: And "we are?"
Thássia: "Nós estamos."
Braden: And last, "They are?"
Thássia: "Eles estão."
Braden: Fantastic! That just about does it for this lesson. Okay. Premium members, use the review track to perfect your pronunciation.
Thássia: Available at PortuguesePOD101.com. The review track gives you vocabulary and phrases followed by a short pause so you can repeat the words aloud.
Braden: Listen and repeat. Copying a native speaker is the best way to start sounding like one.
Thássia: Give it a try today.
Braden: Bye.
Thássia: Ciao!

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